The Xoloitzcuintli, commonly known as the Mexican Hairless Dog, is a distinctive and ancient breed with a history that dates back over 3,000 years. Originating from Mexico, it is one of the oldest and rarest dog breeds in the world. The breed is recognized for its hairless coat, although there is also a coated variety. The Xoloitzcuintli comes in three sizes: toy, miniature, and standard, ranging from about 9 to 23 inches tall at the shoulder and weighing between 10 to 55 pounds. The hairless variety has a smooth, almost skin-like appearance, while the coated variety has a short, dense coat that requires less grooming. This breed is known for its elegant, refined appearance and its calm, affectionate temperament. Xolos are loyal and form strong bonds with their family members. They are generally good with children and other pets, making them adaptable to various household environments. The Xoloitzcuintli is known for its low maintenance needs, especially the hairless variety, which requires minimal grooming. However, it does need protection from extreme temperatures, as its skin can be sensitive to sunburn and cold. In terms of health, the Xoloitzcuintli is generally robust, but the hairless variety can be prone to skin issues and may require regular moisturizing to keep its skin healthy. Training the Xoloitzcuintli is usually straightforward, as the breed is intelligent and eager to please. Positive reinforcement methods work well, and early socialization is beneficial to ensure a well-rounded dog. Overall, the Xoloitzcuintli combines its unique appearance with a loving and adaptable personality, making it a fascinating and devoted companion for those who appreciate its rich heritage and distinctive traits.